Tonga

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Tonga, officially called the Kingdom of Tonga, is a Polynesian nation and an archipelago of 169 islands. Thirty-six of these islands are inhabited. The archipelago covers approximately 289 square miles and spans the South Pacific Ocean’s 700,000 km2 (270,000 square miles).

According to Johnson’s Tribune, Tonga had a population of 107,749 in 2022. 70% of them live on Tongatapu, the main island. It stretches 800 km (500 miles) north-south. It is bordered by Fiji, Wallis, and Futuna in France to the northwest; Samoa and Vanuatu (France) to the west; Niue (New Zealand), and Kermadec to the southwest. Tonga lies approximately 1,800 km (1.100 mi) from New Zealand’s North Island.

Tonga was first inhabited by the Lapita civilization approximately 2,500 years ago. Polynesian settlers in Tonga developed a solid and distinct ethnic identity, language, and culture similar to the Tongans. They quickly established a strong foothold in the South Pacific. This period of colonization and expansionism by Tongans is known as Tui Tonga Empire. Tonga has grown from the reign of the first Tongan king Ahoeitu to a regional superpower. It was a thalassocracy that conquered and controlled vast swathes in the Pacific, including parts of the Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, and Fiji to the west and Samoa and Niue to the east. Tui Tonga was renowned for its cultural, economic, and ethnic influence on the Pacific. This influence remained strong even after Europeans discovered the islands in 1616 and the Samoan revolution of the 13 century.

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Top Facts

The Capital of Tonga is Nuku’alofa
Total Area: 289 mi²
Total Population is around 107,749
Official Language: Tongan language
Tonga is the only Pacific country that was never colonized
Tonga Has a Disappearing Island
Humpback Whales Travel 3,000 Miles to Breed and Give Birth in Tonga
The Niuas are Closer to Samoa than to any Other Island in Tonga
Niuafo’ou Used to Be Called “Tin Can Island”
Tonga Was Home to the World’s Heaviest Monarch

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