Asmara is Eritrea’s capital and most populous city in the country’s Central Region. The town is located at the tip of an escarpment on both the northwestern edge of the Eritrean Highlands and the Great Rift Valley in neighboring Ethiopia. It sits at an elevation of 2,325 meters (7,628 ft.), making it the sixth highest capital in the world by altitude.

 The site of Asmera was first settled in 800 BC, with a population ranging from 100 to 1,000. The city was then founded in the 12th century AD after four separate villages were unified to live together peacefully after long periods of conflict. Under Italian rule, the city of Asmara was made the capital of Eritrea in the last years of the 19th century. In 2017, the town was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its well-preserved modernist architecture.

Massawa is a port city in the Northern Red Sea region of Eritrea, located on the Red Sea at the northern end of the Gulf of Zula beside the Dahlak Archipelago. It has represented a historically important port for many centuries.

Massawa was the capital of the Italian Colony of Eritrea until the seat of the colonial government was moved to Asmara in 1897.
Massawa has an average temperature of 30 °C/86 °F, one of the highest found in the world, and is “one of the hottest marine coastal areas in the world.”

Keren, historically known as Sanhit, is the second-largest city in Eritrea. It is situated around 91 kilometers (57 mi) northwest of Asmara at an elevation of 1,390 meters (4,560 ft) above sea level. The city sprawls on a wide basin surrounded by granitic mountains on all sides. It serves as the capital of the Anseba Region and is home to many ethnic groups, including the Bilen people, Tigre people, and Tigrinya people.

Adi-ugri or Adi-wegri, is a village in the former province of Seraye, Eritrea. The village is located some two kilometers from the city center of Mendefera to the west and is the origin of Mendefera city.

Adi-ugri has an estimated population of 2,500 people and is believed to be an ancient place founded around the fifth century BCE during the pre-Aksumite period.

Dekemhare is a town in Eritrea, lying southeast of Asmara. Developed as an industrial center, it became a large-scale industrial and transportation city known for its vineyards but was partly destroyed in the Eritrean War of Independence.