Asunción is the capital and the largest city of Paraguay in South America. The city stands on the eastern bank of the Paraguay River, almost at the confluence of this river with the Pilcomayo River. The Paraguay River and the Bay of Asunción in the northwest separate the city from the Occidental Region of Paraguay and Argentina in the southern part of the city. The rest of the city is surrounded by the Central Department.

The city forms an autonomous capital district, not a part of any department. The metropolitan area, called Gran Asunción, includes the cities of San Lorenzo, Fernando de la Mora, Lambaré, Luque, Mariano Roque Alonso, Ñemby, San Antonio, Limpio, Capiatá and Villa Elisa, which are part of the Central Department. The Asunción metropolitan area has around two million inhabitants. The Asunción Stock Exchange lists the Municipality of Asunción as BVPASA: MUA.

Ciudad del Este is the second-largest city in Paraguay and the capital of the Alto Paraná Department, situated on the Paraná River. It is located 327 km from Asunción, the capital, and is adjacent to the border with Brazil, to which it is connected by the Friendship Bridge on the Paraná River. It is the largest city within the Triple Frontier region, which borders Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil and Puerto Iguazú, Argentina. The Itaipú Dam, one of the largest hydroelectric power plants in the world, is near Ciudad del Este, as is the Iguazu Falls.

Ciudad del Este is a commercial city and one of the world’s largest free-trade zones. Its tax-free status attracts many Brazilians and Argentines to the city.

Encarnación is a district and the capital city of the Itapúa Department in Paraguay, located at the southeast of the department, on the right-hand (western) shore of the Paraná River, opposite Posadas, Argentina. The city has an area of 274 km2 and a population of 93,497. Encarnación is the third-largest city in Paraguay. The city was initially named Nuestra Señora de la Anunciación de Itapúa and is considered the capital of summer by most of its inhabitants.

Encarnación is connected to the Argentine city of Posadas by the San Roque González de Santa Cruz Bridge and the International Train. The city is located on Route 1, some 370 km (225 miles) from Asunción, and on Route 6, some 280 km (175 miles) from Ciudad del Este. Due to its proximity, many Argentines travel to the city. The city is a vital financing centre of Paraguay and maintains a commercial relationship with Argentine Posadas.

Fernando de la Mora is a city located in the Central Department and is part of the metropolitan area of Asunción, in Paraguay. With an estimated 183,390 inhabitants, the city is the seventh most populated country.

The city is divided into two areas: the South and the North, with a total surface of 21 square kilometres. It is crossed from North to South by many paved streets and avenues, such as Zavala Cue, Pitiantuta, 10 de Julio, and Las Residents.

Caacupé is a city and district in Paraguay. It is the capital of the department of Cordillera.

The town was founded in 1770 by Carlos Murphy, a grenadier who served King Charles III of Spain, although the first settlement existed here from the 17th century.