Burkina Faso
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Burkina Faso, a landlocked West African country, has an area of 274,200 km (105,900 sq mi). Mali borders it in the northwest, Niger in the northeast, Benin in the southeast, Togo, Ghana to the south, and the Ivory Coast towards the southwest. 21,841,378 people are living there. It was previously known as the Republic of Upper Volta (1958-1984), but President Thomas Sankara changed its name to Burkina Faso. Burkinabe are its citizens. Ouagadougou, the capital and largest city of this country, is their capital.
The largest ethnic group in Burkina Faso is the Mossi people. They settled the region in the 11th- and 13th centuries. They founded powerful kingdoms like Ouagadougou and Tenkodogo. France colonized it in 1896 as French West Africa. In 1958, Upper Volta was made a French Community colony. It gained complete independence in 1960, with Maurice Yameogo serving as its president. The country experienced instability, droughts, and famines in its early years. There were several coups in the country in 1966, 1980, and 1983. Also, there was a failed attempt to overthrow it in 1989, 2015, and 2022. From 1982 to 1987, Thomas Sankara was the ruler of the country. He was then killed in a coup led by Blaise Comaore. He ruled until his death on 31 October 2014.
Sankara’s ambitious socioeconomic program included a nationwide literacy campaign, land redistribution to farmers, railway and road construction, and outlawing and banning forced marriages and female genital and sexual mutilation.
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Top Facts
- The Capital of Burkina Faso is Ouagadougou
- Total Area: 274,400 km²
- Total Population is around 21.84 million
- Official Language: French
- Burkina Faso name translates as “Land of the honest men.”
- Burkina Faso has a very young population with more than 65% of the people under the age of 25
- It is one the poorest countries in the world with around 44% of its population living under the poverty line
- Burkina Faso is home to the largest elephant population in West Africa. The country has 4 national parks, 1 UNESCO Biosphere reserve, 3 Complete Reserves, 6 Partial Reserves, and 10 protected forests
- Burkina Faso is a leader in African art and culture and hosts the largest craft market in Africa
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Top Attractions in Burkina Faso
Top Cities to Visit
Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso’s capital, is the country’s cultural, administrative, and economic center. With a population of 2,453,496 at the end of 2019, it is also the largest city in Burkina Faso. Ouaga is the common name of the town. Ouagalais is the name of the inhabitants. The French orthography used in ex-French African colonies gave rise to the spelling of Ouagadougou.
Food processing and textiles are Ouagadougou’s primary industries. The international airport serves the city and links it to Abidjan on the Ivory Coast. Kaya is also connected by rail for freight. Several highways connect the town to Niamey in Niger, South Africa, Ghana, and the southwest Ivory Coast. Ouagadougou is home to one of the enormous markets in West Africa. It was destroyed by fire in 2003 but has been reopened with improved facilities and better fire-prevention measures. The National Museum of Burkina Faso and the Moro-Naba Palace are just a few attractions. There is also the National Museum of Music and several craft markets.
Bobo-Dioulasso, a Burkina Faso city, has a population of 903.887 (as of 2019). It is second in size in the country after Ouagadougou. It is also known as the “Home of the Bobo-Dioula.”
The Bobo-speaking community in Sia is related to the Mande. Jula has two dialects based on the origins and languages of different people who spoke this language. The country’s southwest, in the Houet Province, is where the city is located, approximately 350 km (220 miles) from Ouagadougou. Bobo-Dioulasso has a significant economic and cultural significance, being a major center of culture and music.
Koudougou can be found in Burkina Faso’s Boulkiemde Province. It is located 75 km (47 miles) west of Ouagadougou, the capital of Burkina Faso. It is home to 160,207 people (2019), making it the third-most populous Burkina Faso city after Ouagadougou or Bobo Dioulasso. Koudougou lies on Burkina Faso’s only railway line. It has a few small industries, schools, and provincial government offices.
Banfora, a city in South Western Burkina Faso with a population of 117,200 (2019 Census), is the sixth-most populous city in Burkina Faso. It is also the capital of the Comoe Province. It is 85 km (53 mi) southwest of Bobo-Dioulasso on the Ouagadougou – Abidjan Railway. A series of waterfalls are found close to Banfora in the Cascades de Karfiguela.
Ouahigouya can be described as a northern Burkina Faso town. It is also the capital of Yatenga Province and one of its subdivisions, the Ouahigouya District. It is also the largest town in the Nord Region. It is the fourth-largest city in the country, with a population of 124,580 (2019). It is located 182 km (113 mi) north of Ouagadougou.
There is a stadium in the city and a private, non-profit Paediatric Hospital with 36 beds for births and 24 for severe malnutrition. There is also a post office, internet access, and at least one Ecobank branch.
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