Mogadishu, locally known as Xamar or Hamar, is Somalia’s capital and most populous city. The city has been an important port connecting traders all around the Indian Ocean for millennia and has an estimated population of 2,388,000 (2021). Mogadishu is located in the coastal Banadir region on the Indian Ocean, which, unlike other Somali regions, is considered a municipality rather than a maamul goboleed (federal state).

Galkayo is the capital of the Mudug region in the north-central Mudug of Somalia. Galkacyo is divided by an administrative area separated by a loose border.

Geographically, Galkacyo can be divided into four main quarters, Garsoor (Horumar) and Isaac (Wadajir). Puntland is responsible for Wadajir and Isaac Horumar Garsoor.

Galkacyo became the Galkayo District’s center after independence. Galkacyo has seen much growth and is now a major commercial center. The population estimates range from 80,000 to 315,000.

Baidoa is the capital city of the South West State of Somalia. It is 77 km/2. In 2005, the Transitional Federal Government established temporary headquarters in Baidoa before relocating government offices to Mogadishu. By Ibrahim Husseim Abdirahaman Fuutjeelle.

Between 2002 and 2014, Baidoa was the capital of the South West state. However, in 2014, the capital of South West was changed to Barawa. Baidoa is the largest city in South West.

Garowe is the administrative capital of Puntland in northeastern Somalia. Garowe is situated in the Nugaal Valley, bounded by gradually ascending high plateaus that generally reach elevations of 500 to 1,000 meters above sea level on the north, west, and south.

Numerous valleys and dry watercourses cross the western part of the same plateau. Raising livestock forms the basis of the economy, and frankincense and myrrh are collected from wild trees.

Dusmareb is the capital of Galmudug state in central Somalia. The city also serves as the administrative capital of the Galguduud province.
Historically, the city was known as Daar Dheer or simply Dardher; the city’s name changed to Dusamareb, also spelled Dhusamareb.