Khartoum (or Khartum) is Sudan’s capital. It is home to the largest metropolitan area in Sudan, with a population of 5274,321. It lies at the confluence between the White Nile flowing north from Lake Victoria and the Blue Nile flowing west from Lake Tana, Ethiopia.

Al-Mogran or al-Muqran is the place where both Niles meet. The Nile then continues northward towards Egypt and the Mediterranean Sea.

Port Sudan is a port city in eastern Sudan and the capital of the state of the Red Sea. As of 2007, it has 489,725 residents. Port Sudan is located on the Red Sea and is recognized as Sudan’s main seaport.

The Battle of Omdurman took place during the Anglo-Egyptian conquest of Sudan. It was fought between a British-Egyptian Expeditionary force under the command of Major General Horatio Herbert Kitchener and a Sudanese army of Mahdist Islamic State led by Abdullah al-Taashi (the successor to Muhammad Ahmad). The battle occurred at Kerreri in Sudan on September 2, 1898, approximately 11 km (6.8 mi) to the north of Omdurman.

Kassala, the capital of eastern Sudan’s state of Kassala, is Kassala. The 2008 population was 419,030. It is a market city built on the banks of the Gash River. It is also known for its fruit gardens.

Wad Madani (or Madani) is the capital of Al Jazirah, an east-central Sudan state. Wad Madani is located on the west bank of the Blue Nile and is approximately 85 miles (136km) southeast of Khartoum. It is connected by rail to Khartoum and is the heart of a cotton-growing region.

It is also home to the local trade center for wheat, peanuts and barley. It also houses the Irrigation Service’s headquarters. It had 345,290 inhabitants in 2008. Al Jazirah University is located here, which is the second-largest public university in Sudan. Wad Medani Ahlia University is another private university.