Vaduz is the capital of Liechtenstein and the national parliament seat. The city, located along the Rhine River, has 5,696 residents. The most prominent landmark of Vaduz is Vaduz Castle, perched atop a steep hill in the middle of the city. It is home to the reigning prince of Liechtenstein and the Liechtenstein princely family.

The city’s distinctive architecture is also displayed in landmarks such as the Cathedral of St. Florin, Government House, City Hall, the National Art Gallery, and the National Museum. Although Vaduz is the best-known town in the principality internationally, it is not the largest; neighboring Schaan has a larger population.

Schaan is the largest municipality of Liechtenstein by population. It is located to the north of Vaduz, the capital, in the central part of the country. As of 2019, it has a population of 6,039, making it the most populous administrative district in Liechtenstein. Representing an important traffic hub and industrial location in the country, Schaan covers an area of 26.8 km2 (10.3 sq mi), including mountains and forests.

It is a municipality within the electoral district of Oberland in the Principality of Liechtenstein. Schaan contains four enclaves, two of which belong to Vaduz and two to Planken.

Balzers is a village located in southern Liechtenstein. As of 2019, the town had a total population of 4,642. The central part of the village is situated along the east bank of the Rhine.

Historically, the present-day form of the village consists of two different towns, the actual Balzers in the east and Mäls in the west. Not visible to the unaware, the division persists in the local village culture, which manifests in a half-serious local competition.

Triesenberg is a municipality in Liechtenstein with a population of 2,636. Its area of 30 square kilometers (12 sq mi) makes it the largest city in Liechtenstein.

Triesenberg is noted for its distinct dialect, dating from the influence of Walser migrants in the Middle Ages, who arrived in the region early in the 14th century. The municipality actively promotes this dialect. The existence of this dialect is evidence of remarkable linguistic diversity within the tiny Principality, as it is spoken alongside the Standard German and Alemannic dialects common to the country.

Mauren is a municipality in Liechtenstein situated in the country’s north. It has a population of 4,401. Contina AG produced the Curta mechanical calculator in Mauren.

It was first mentioned as “Muron” in documents from 1178. There is a memorial to the Liechtenstein educator and historian Peter Kaiser (1793–1864) located in Mauren.